Archaeology (from Greek words ‘archaios’ meaning ancient and ‘logos’ meaning world, sense or theory) studies human activity in the past through excavation and analysis of material remains, such as artefacts, barrows, but also whole castles or villages. The studied remains are basically of twofold nature. They can be remains of so called material culture, which is what was produced intentionally by humans, or, they are eco-facts, which mean for example remains of crops, animal bones in a settlement, but also detected natural changes in geological layers,
excavated inside an archaeological site.